Description
The Cashew Nut Tree** (Anacardium occidentale) is a fast-growing, evergreen tree native to northeastern Brazil and now widely grown in tropical regions around the world. It typically reaches heights of 10–12 meters and has a broad canopy with leathery, oblong leaves. What makes this tree particularly unique is its fruit: it produces a fleshy, pear-shaped structure called the cashew apple, which is edible and sweet, and a kidney-shaped nut, which is the true fruit. The nut grows outside the apple, encased in a hard shell containing a toxic resin that must be carefully removed before the nut is safe to eat. Cashew nuts are a major global crop used in culinary dishes, snacks, and even dairy alternatives. The tree prefers sandy or well-drained soils and thrives in hot, dry conditions, making it an ideal crop for marginal lands. Besides its nutritional benefits, the cashew tree also provides timber and medicinal uses, making it an important multipurpose plant in tropical agriculture.
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